Polybius Square
A Polybius square is a 5-by-5 alphabet grid. Each letter is encoded as a row and column pair: row 1, column 1 becomes 11, row 5, column 5 becomes 55.
Because the English alphabet has 26 letters and the square has 25 cells, this version combines I/J in the same cell. During encoding, J is treated as I.
The eight-digit key deterministically shuffles the 25-letter alphabet so the same key always creates the same codebook.